Overall heart-healthy diet is more important than occasional indulgences

By American Heart Association 线上电子游戏飞禽走兽

这是解释新的心脏病和中风预防指南的五篇系列文章中的第四篇.

Don’t sweat satisfying a sweet tooth every now and then.

来自美国心脏协会和美国心脏病学会的新的心血管预防指南显示,坚持整体心脏健康的饮食比避免偶尔的放纵或为之苦恼更重要.

“生日派对上的蛋糕和冰淇淋不需要坦白,”罗伯特·埃克尔(Robert Eckel)说.D.奥罗拉科罗拉多大学安舒茨医学院的医学教授. 当然,除非每天都有一个生日派对,蛋糕和冰淇淋成为主食.

埃克尔共同主持了一个专家委员会,该委员会深入研究了最新的科学研究,并报告了目前被认为是降低血压和胆固醇的最佳饮食和运动模式.

最大的收获是:只要美国人在大部分线上电子游戏飞禽走兽里做出健康的决定,并保持对大局的关注, they can build cardiovascular health that’s muscular enough to handle the rest.

近三分之二的美国.S. adults have high or elevated blood pressure. Another one-third of adults have elevated levels of bad (LDL) cholesterol. 减少这些级别和预防心脏病和中风是新建议的目的, some of which replace previous best practices from the American Heart Association.

一个单独的指南提供了减肥饮食和体育活动的建议.

“This is where heart health starts,” 埃克尔说. “生活方式是我们预防心脏病和中风的起点.” The recommended dietary pattern emphasizes fruits, 蔬菜, 全谷物, 低脂乳制品, 家禽, 鱼和坚果. It also calls for limits on red meat and sugary foods and beverages. Many diets fit that pattern, including the Mediterranean diet, DASH——停止高血压的饮食方法的缩写——是由国家心脏协会推广的饮食计划, 肺, and Blood Institute and diets suggested by the U.S. Department of Agriculture and the American Heart Association.

这种模式可以很容易地根据一个人的文化和食物偏好进行调整. The guidelines also place specific limits on a trio of unhealthy nutrients: sodium, saturated fat and trans fat.

目前,美国成年人平均每天摄入约3600毫克钠. For people who need to lower their blood pressure, 新的指南建议采取逐步减少的方法,将每日钠摄入量限制在不超过2毫克,400 mg. Getting daily sodium consumption down to 1,500 mg is desirable because it can lower blood pressure even further.

“Nearly all of us are consuming too much sodium, and regardless of what the target is, getting sodium intake as low as possible should be the overall goal,戈登·托马塞利说, M.D., 指导指南完成的小组委员会联合主席,巴尔的摩约翰霍普金斯大学医学院心脏病学主任.

少吃高钠加工食品,多在家做饭是一个好的开始, Tomaselli说. 这是因为美国人平均饮食中高达75%的钠来自加工食品或餐馆食品.

“People may not even know they’re eating it,托马塞利说, a past American Heart Association president.

降低胆固醇, 新的指南建议将饱和脂肪减少到不超过总热量的5%到6%. 对于吃2的人来说,000卡路里的热量——一个成年人每天平均摄入的热量——大约是13克饱和脂肪.

大多数饱和脂肪来自肉类,如肥肉牛肉、羊肉、猪肉和带皮家禽. 全脂乳制品, 比如黄油, 奶油, cheese and products made from whole or 2 percent milk, are also high in saturated fat.

新的指导方针还呼吁人们避免使用反式脂肪——在美国食品和药物管理局于11月宣布打算禁止在加工食品中使用反式脂肪之后,这应该不那么难了. Trans fats are currently found in many fried foods and baked goods such as pastries, 披萨面团, 派皮, 饼干和饼干.

By following the recommended dietary pattern, 美国人不必担心要一直记录钠的摄入量, saturated fat and trans fat they’re eating, 埃克尔说.

“他们已经保持在推荐的水平,因为他们吃的是有益心脏健康的饮食,他说.

Being physically active is also important to prevent heart disease and stroke. 只要每周三到四次,每次40分钟的中等到高强度的有氧运动就足以保持健康. Brisk walking, swimming, bicycling or a dance class are excellent choices.

托马塞利说:“该指南强调的是,任何运动都对你有益。. “Many people don’t exercise at all, 所以今天比昨天多锻炼一点是达到推荐线上电子游戏飞禽走兽的好方法.”

While some patients will need medications to manage blood pressure and cholesterol, 埃克尔说,医生应该同时开出新指南中列出的饮食和锻炼策略. “生活方式的改变应该贯穿整个治疗窗口期,”埃克尔说.

“这些建议应该成为每个关注预防的医生的实践的一部分.”


American Heart Association 线上电子游戏飞禽走兽 Stories

美国心脏协会线上电子游戏飞禽走兽报道心脏病、中风和相关健康问题. 并非美国心脏协会线上电子游戏飞禽走兽报道中表达的所有观点都反映了美国心脏协会的官方立场. 语句, 结论, 发表在美国心脏协会科学期刊上或在美国心脏协会科学会议上的研究的准确性和可靠性完全是研究作者的观点,并不一定反映美国心脏协会的官方指导, 政策或立场.

Copyright is owned or held by the American Heart Association, Inc., and all rights are reserved. 许可 被授予, at no cost and without need for further request, 为个人, 媒体, and non-commercial education and awareness efforts to link to, 报价, 摘自或转载这些故事在任何媒体,只要没有改变文本和适当的归属作出美国心脏协会线上电子游戏飞禽走兽.

其他的用途, including educational products or services sold for profit, must comply with the American Heart Association’s Copyright 许可 Guidelines. 参见完整的使用条款. These stories may not be used to promote or endorse a commercial product or service.

卫生保健免责声明:本网站及其服务不构成医疗建议的实践, 诊断或治疗. Always talk to your health care provider for diagnosis and treatment, including your specific medical needs. If you have or suspect that you have a medical problem or condition, please contact a qualified health care professional immediately. If you are in the United States and experiencing a medical emergency, call 911 or call for emergency medical help immediately.